Grass seed can only succeed when the conditions are right. This practical guide explains how to prepare the seedbed, choose the correct mixture and give new seedlings the best chance of establishing on your bowling green.
Author: John
Master Greenkeeper John Quinn is the author of Performance Bowling Greens, and several other titles on Greenkeeping, Club and Business Management.
Climate Change Challenges for Greenkeepers 7. Nitrogen
Applying more Nitrogen when these conditions are absent doesn’t necessarily produce healthier growth. It may create a quick response in shaded, wetter or less-stressed areas, increasing the contrast between healthy and drought-affected turf. It can also encourage the plant to produce additional leaf tissue that its reduced root system cannot support. More leaf area means more potential water loss, greater mowing demand and a further call on carbohydrate reserves that may already be depleted.
Climate Change Challenges for Greenkeepers 6. Water
Many bowling green irrigation systems were installed to provide occasional supplementary watering rather than to replace tens of thousands of litres every week through an extended drought. Tank capacity, mains refill rate, pump output and sprinkler efficiency all become limiting factors. A typical perimeter system with one sprinkler position on each side of the green may require roughly two minutes of operation at each position to apply an average depth of 1mm. The precise figure should always be established using catch cans, because the quoted output of the sprinkler is less important than what actually reaches the surface.
Climate Change Challenges for Greenkeepers 5. Growing Pains
As greenkeepers we are familiar with a short list of fine turfgrasses that we use to create the best surfaces for bowling. However, our summers are beginning to behave very differently to the conditions favoured by these grasses. As temperatures rise and rainfall becomes less reliable, our cool season grasses are being pushed into conditions their photosynthetic system isn't adapted to. Growth stalls, roots recede and leaf colour fades, not necessarily because we've done anything wrong, but because the plant itself has reached a physiological limit.
Climate Change Challenges for Greenkeepers 4. The Circle of Decline
Who can forget 1976 when we all burned up through the summer holidays? And 1995 now seems like a stupid year for me to try to build a golf course in one of the driest regions of the country and it was tough work, but we didn't know what summer would be like from one year to the next. However, since the mid 90's, choosing your best summer has all become a bit of a Blur, sometimes with no Oasis in sight :-). I have now lost count of the summers like 76 and 95, because they have become all too regular and as we've seen more recently this is now starting to hit home hard for those of us trying to maintain greens.